This encyclopedia provides biographical information, further readings, and select primary documents on the Roman emperors, all in one easy-to-use volume. This book explores strengths and weaknesses of the various rulers, their ascents to and falls from power, and their families and legacies. From Julius Caesar to Severus Alexander, the work shows how these leaders shaped the Roman empire and history as a whole. The book is organized chronologically, organized into major dynasties and intermediary periods: Julio-Claudians (55 BCE to 68 CE), Year of the Four Emperors (68-69), Flavians (69-96), Antonines (96-193), Year of the 5 Emperors (193), and Severans (193-235). Within each dynasty, supporting figures-friends, families, and enemies-are arranged alphabetically for the ease of the reader. Readers will come to understand the people behind one of the world's most powerful and famous empires-how Augustus's relationship with Mark Antony, both enemy and brother-in-law, changed the course of the empire or how Domitian's autocratic leadership led to his assassination. This encyclopedia offers readers an overview of the history of the Roman empire through those that created, maintained, and lost it. Giving further readings, both primary and secondary documents, the book opens the door to further learning while providing a one-stop reference for the basics of the Roman empire and its leaders.